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Cottonseed clearing and pressing process
Cottonseed contains gossypol, which needs to be fried or expanded with high moisture in order to reduce the content of gossypol in crude oil and improve the quality of woolen cotton oil. However, gossypol in cottonseed meal affected the feeding value of cottonseed meal. The cake needs to be detoxified before feed.
Our technology solves the problem of detoxification of cotton meal.
Cottonseed contains 39% shell and 48% kernel. The oil content in the shell is 0.3-1%. Cotton kernel contains 30% oil and 35% protein. Cottonseed contains 0.8% -1.3% gossypol. The traditional technology of producing cottonseed oil is pre-press leaching method or pressing method. Because of the high shell content and gossypol content of cottonseed, it is necessary to shell and steam frying with high moisture in order to reduce the gossypol content in crude cotton oil.
Flowchart:
cottonseed→clearing→shelling→Kernel→Flaker→Extruder/Steam cooker→Press→cake→extraction
↓ ↓
Shell crude oil
Explanation:
a small amount of gossypol in cottonseed crude oil can be removed in the process of acid removal from oil alkali refining without affecting the quality of the final oil. The protein content of hulled cottonseed meal is 50 - 60%, and the quality of cottonseed protein is similar to that of leguminous protein. However,the toxicity of residual gossypol in cottonseed meal, it can not be directly used as feed, if it is used as feed, it needs to be specially detoxified. As a result, many areas have to use it as fertilizer or limited feed for ruminants, resulting in waste of protein resources.
In this process, special extraction and leaching technology were used to solve the problem of detoxification of cotton meal, and high quality feed grade cotton meal was obtained.
Cleaning: cottonseed is separated by air and magnetic to remove impurities, and then fed evenly into the sheller by quantitative feeder.
Shelling: in the process of shelling, special attention should be paid to the neat particle size of cotton kernels after shelling and to reduce the degree of peeling powder. After the separation of kernel shell, the shell content of kernel does not exceed 10%.
Extruder or steam cooker
The effect of steaming and frying or expansion will directly affect the working state of leaching process and the quality of the final product. It is very important to master the soften temperature, time and moisture. Cotton kernel soften generally using three or four layers of vertical steaming pot. The puffing machine can also be used for instantaneous expansion, which is beneficial to the removal of gossypol in the subsequent process.
Flaking
In the flaking process, the thickness of the flake after rolling is not more than 0.5mm, the flake is solid and the powder is small, and the embryo must also be dried and then molded by cold pressing of the press.
Pressing: the pressing efficiency of the oil press and the stability of the equipment are the key to the oil pressing process. The oil press produced by our company has the characteristics of large output, low cake residue and good meal quality.
Extracton and solventing
After pretreatment and cold pressing, the material is transported to the leaching workshop. Hexane is first used for oil extraction in the first extractor, and then sent to the second extractor for phenol removal with methanol. There is no need for any desolubilization treatment. After two times of leaching, the content of wet meal is large, so it is necessary to carry out two times of desolubilization treatment. For the first time, special equipment was used for mechanical desolubilization, and for the second desolubilization, special drying equipment was used for steam heating desolubilization. After desolubilization, cottonseed meal was cooled and crushed to become finished cottonseed meal.
Cottonseed oil refinery Process
1.cottonseed oil hydrated
In crude oil most of impurity are phosphorus.
The existence of phospholipid and other colloidal substances can not only reduce the quality of oil, but also promote the transitional emulsification between oil and lye, increase the difficulty of separation of soap and aggravate the loss of neutral oil, so it should be removed first.
2.The deacification of cottonseed oil
Mainly to remove free fatty acids from crude oil, as well as a small amount of colloid, pigment and trace metal substances in oil.
De-acid operation is one of the important factors that directly affects the oil yield and quality of oil refined.
The most widely technology method is alkali refinery and deacification.
3.cottonseed oil decolorizering process
The pigment and other impurities in sunflower oil, must be removed out,to meet the product quality standard.
While providing more favorable conditions for deodorization .
The decolorizering method comprises the following steps of: decoloring to obtain the final color index of the product; removing the related pigment and the amount of metal; and further removing the trace amount of soap, the phospholipid and other colloidal impurities and certain off-flavor substances remaining in the oil, removing the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon and the residual pesticide, and reducing the oil quality peroxide value.
4.Deodorizer process
The purpose of deodorizing of sunflower oil is to remove the odorous substances and other volatile substances from the oil, to improve the smell and color of the oil, and to improve the stability of the oil.
The peculiar smell of oil, the peculiar smell produced in decolorization, the odor of produced by oil oxidation, etc.
In the deodorization stage, these unpopular odors are required to be removed by steam distillation at vacuum high temperature.
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