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Technology characteristics
The aroma peanut oil has unique relation with its production technology and process. Our technology adopt baking/roasting seed to improve its aromatic flavour; Low-temperature special filtering oil technique to remove out the gums and sludge.
Oil-seeds must choose fresh, full size's grain, high-quality. Immature grain, breakage of grain, mildew grain, old grain must not be used for this aroma type oil mill.
Oil yield for several kinds oilseed
|
Oil-seed |
Rape seed |
Peanut |
soya |
sesame |
Cotton seed |
Sunflower seed |
Tung seed |
Jatropha seed |
Palm kernel |
Flax seed |
Rice bran |
copra |
olive |
Corn germ |
|
Oil yield (%) |
35-44 |
35-48 |
12- 19 |
45-50 |
12-18 |
38-41 |
30-38 |
40-45 |
45-48 |
32-42 |
10- 12 |
50-55 |
27-33 |
35-40 |
Process specification (optional parts of process)
1. The oil-seed cleaning step
1.1. In process of oil-seed harvesting, drying,transportation and storage,which will mix some impurities such as sand, mud, stems and leaves,iron,etc. If not clear before production, which effect the production process and product's quality. These impurity content contain three categories, inorganic impurities, organic impurities and oily impurity.
1.1.1.Inorganic impurities: mud, sand, dust and metal, etc.
1.1.2.Organic impurities: stem leaf, rope, skin & shell and other seeds.
1.1.3.Oily impurity: immature oil-seed, other's oilseed, non-regulation seed from the sieve bottom , the breakage oil-seed and oil-seed with plant diseases and insect pests, etc.
1.2. Oil-seed cleaning is to remove the above impurities, not only to limit the content of the impurities, as well as control oil-seed content in impurity after cleaning.
1.2.1. Screening: Depend on the different particle size (width, thickness and length) between oil-seed and impurities , with the help of sieve's mesh method for separation of impurities.
1.2.2. Magnetic separation: To use a magnetic removal method to rid off metal impurities from oil-seed.
1.2.3. Water washing: Use water to wash away the surface of oil-seed,including to attaching marl, sand, metal, the water can also effectively prevent the dust floating in the sky. This process is specially important for the fruit kinds oil-plant.
1.2.4. Stone & Mud separation: these tow kinds' shape, size ,weight ,which is nearly equal with oil-seed, normally adopt the Destoner for removing.
1.2.5.Dehulling process: the shell does not contain oil,or less oil,which also effect the oil color,and more shell contain wax,so it is necessary for dehulling process.
2. Oil-seed dehulling ,separation of kernel & shell (for soy,sunflowerseed,cottonseed,peanut,etc)
2.1. the kernel in shell : less than 5%.
2.2. shell contains kernel rate (hand pick) : less than 4%.
3.Oil-seed crushing process
With mechanical method,to crush oil-seed for particle size.
Crushing purpose, for the large size oil-seed, is to change its size for better flaking; For pressing cakes, to make the block size for smaller ,to create the good conditions for easily 2ndpressing or solvent extraction .
Oil-seed flaking process
To use pressure from granular oil-seed into thin slices.
The aim of flaking process, destroy the organization of oil-seed's cells to create favorable conditions for steaming and frying, easily and quickly separating the oil, improve the oil yield.
Basic requirements of oil-seed flaking: thin embryo flake, uniform surface, less powder, not showing oil content on surface, powder are controlled less than 10% - 15%( under the screen hole 1 mm sieve), the thickness of the material embryo to keep to a certain extent,0.25mm orso.
4. Oil-seed conditioning/Roasting treatment process : two kinds method and technology
4.1.Hot air/fire direct baking/Roasting:
Use 25% -30% of the total amount of oilseed to be directly roasting, where the oilseed is heated to 180 ºC ~ 200 ºC. Baking temperature is the key factor to produce flavor of aroma flower raw oil, the temperature is too low, the fragrance is light, the temperature is too high, the oil is easy to burnt paste
Use the balance 70% of the total oilseed were steamed and fried in a vertical steaming pot for indirect heating/roasting: for example ,adopt five layers of vertical steaming pan. The No. 1 layer -2 layer should be full and for steaming; No 3 ~ 5 layers should be shallow and for excluding moisture. The discharge oilseed's temperature is 108 ºC ~ 112 ºC, and the oilseed's moisture content is 5% - 7%. In order to ensure the strong flavor of peanut oil, the indirect steam pressure from steam boiler should not be less than 0.6 mpa.
With the aid of moisture and temperature effect, make the internal structure of oil-seed for big changes,destroying the internal structure of the cells, protein frozen denaturation, segregation and combining the phospholipid and protein.
The changes is not only beneficial to easily separate out more oil from oil-seed, also the improvement of oil quality .
4.2. Oil expanding process
Adopt expanding and extruding method for replacing high temp steaming and frying method,which is new methods, with high temperature in short time, low material protein denaturation, good oil color characteristics.
5. Screw pressing oil process
Adopt screw press,high oil yield, good oil quality and invariance cake protein.
6. The crude oil purification process
Crude Oil Cool water
↓ ↓
Settling tank→Plate filter→Cooling tank→Settling tank→Micr-filter→Aroma edible oil
Process description
Adopt low temperature filtering method, cooling to 15- 20 ºC,minimize volatilization loss of fragrance.
This method, Filtering out non-hydrophilic phospholipids adequately, make phospholipid content minimum, to improve the stability of the storage time.Also while filtering,because the micr-phospholipids could absorb the color,this filtering process could improve the final oil color.
(1) 1st filtering: Crude oil from settling tank is pump into the filter,to filter out the sludge,then go into for cooling and settling.
(2) 2nd filtering. After cooling and settling, moisture combined with aqueous phospholipids, goes into the Micr-filter for separation out polymerization of phospholipids.
After Micr-filtering , The oil has excellent transparency and improve the sensory index, at the same time, further improve the stability of storage life.
7.Aroma (Peanut) oil refinery technology
Normally aroma oil only remove out the gums/sludge,and adjust down the AV enough.
The basic process is as follows(for example :crude peanut oil):
(1) The crude peanut oil is pumping
Before the filtered oil pumped into refining tank, it is necessary to check whether the pipeline valve is normal. After finishing pumping each refinery tank , the oil inlet valve should be closed immediately.
Crude peanut oil should first remove the surface foam, smooth the oil surface, and set the appropriate time (not less than 15min) ,confirm no foam in the oil.
Adjust the temperature of crude oil to 25-35ºC.
(2) The lye is prepared
By adding a certain amount of NaOH /Soda into a proper amount of water to be stirred,get the lye completely .
The lye temperature was reduced to 25 -30 ºC and kept for 20 min. To adjust to 10 -12 °Be.
(3)When the crude oil level is smooth and the temperature is stable at 25-35ºC, start to mix ,firstly slowly (20r/min) to stir for 10min, and then change the mixing speed (40r/min).While mixing , open the valve of the alkali tank to spray the lye .
The time for adding lye is about 15 minutes, and the lye is continuously stirred until the oil and the soap granules are clear and separated.
When the oil is clearly ,soap granules is separated from oil, change to slow stirring to Raise oil temp to 60-65 ºC (the raising temperature range is 1ºC / min), stop stirring and heating, to cool and settle by itself (not less then 8 hours).
Discharge out the soap granule from the bottom of refinery,finish the neutralization process.
(4) Water washing
Heating the oil to 75 ºC - 80 ºC,and add into hot water (75--80ºC,water quantity 10-15% of total oil) .
After finishing adding water, continue stirring for 15 min,then settling for 2 h (the first time), open the drain valve at the bottom of the washing tank, to release out the washing water.
Then water washing the oil again same as above process.Depend on the crude oil quality,to adopt water washing for 2-3 times,settling time less than the fist time.
Note:
The separation of oil and water must be mastered by a special person. When the separation is carried out in the separation tank, heating oil temperature shall not exceed 80 ºC, the water shall be released after separation, and the residual oil shall be recovered from up.
(5) Dehydration
Before dehydration process, check whether the relevant pipeline valve is normal, then pump oil into the vacuum dehydration tank, open the steam valve for heating oil, turn on the vacuum pump and agitator, adjust the cooling water of the condenser of vacuum system, and turn on the circulating oil pump to accelerate the circulation of the oil in the vacuum dehydration tank.
(6)Filter Press to check whether the valve of the filter press pipeline is normal at the below 30ºC of the oil temperature .
(7) Recovering the residual oil by using an oil-water separation tank, separating the recovered oil, and re-refining.
(8) Cold filtration, mainly to remove waxes from oil.
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