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Clearing & Pressing Oil Technology
Flaxseed, also known as Linseed, is a traditional oil crop. Oil flaxseed is mainly producedThe origin of flaxseed in the world is Canada, China, Argentina, the United States and so on.
The oil content of seed is 40 - 60%. Cold pressed seed oil is rich in α-linolenic acid, which is the most effective method to supplement linolenic acid.
Hemp seed or hemp kernel oil, The oil content of seed is about 30%, and the oil production rate of hemp seed oil is 35% 40%. Hemp oil is the only vegetable oil soluble in water, which is more conducive to human absorption.
Shelled hemp kernels contain 34.6% protein, 46.5% fat and 11.6% carbohydrates.
Native to Sikkim, Bhutan, India and Central Asia, wild or cultivated in all countries. There are also cultivated or reduced to wild in all parts of our country
Common cold pressing technology
Flowchart
oil-seed
↓
clearing→drying→dehulling→crushing/flaking→pressing→crude oil→Purify→final oil
↓ ↓
Shell cake
Process specification (optional parts of process)
1. The oil-seed cleaning step
1.1. In process of oil-seed harvesting, drying,transportation and storage,which will mix some impurities such as sand, mud, stems and leaves,iron,etc. If not clear before production, which effect the production process and product's quality. These impurity content contain three categories, inorganic impurities, organic impurities and oily impurity.
1.1.1.Inorganic impurities: mud, sand, dust and metal, etc.
1.1.2.Organic impurities: stem leaf, rope, skin & shell and other seeds.
1.1.3.Oily impurity: immature oil-seed, other's oilseed, non-regulation seed from the sieve bottom , the breakage oil-seed and oil-seed with plant diseases and insect pests, etc.
1.2. Oil-seed cleaning is to remove the above impurities, not only to limit the content of the impurities, as well as control oil-seed content in impurity after cleaning.
1.2.1. Screening: Depend on the different particle size (width, thickness and length) between oil-seed and impurities , with the help of sieve's mesh method for separation of impurities.
1.2.2. Magnetic separation: To use a magnetic removal method to rid off metal impurities from oil-seed.
1.2.3. Water washing: Use water to wash away the surface of oil-seed,including to attaching marl, sand, metal, the water can also effectively prevent the dust floating in the sky. This process is specially important for the fruit kinds oil-plant.
1.2.4. Stone & Mud separation: these tow kinds' shape, size ,weight ,which is nearly equal with oil-seed, normally adopt the Destoner for removing.
1.2.5.Dehulling process: the shell does not contain oil,or less oil,which also effect the oil color,and more shell contain wax,so it is necessary for dehulling process.
2. Oil-seed dehulling , separation of kernel & shell
2.1. the kernel in shell : less than 5%.
2.2. shell contains kernel rate (hand pick) : less than 4%.
3. The oil-seed drying process
To process high moisture of oil-seed dehydration to appropriate moisture (safe moisture10-12%) .
Using drying equipment to produce the hot wind for heating oil-seed, make the moisture evaporation, to control the appropriate moisture of oil-seed for safe storage.
4. Oil-seed crushing process
With mechanical method,to crush oil-seed for particle size.
Crushing purpose, for the large size oil-seed, is to change its size for better flaking; For pressing cakes, to make the block size for smaller ,to create the good conditions for easily 2nd pressing or solvent extraction .
5. Oil-seed to be soften process
To adjust the moisture and temperature of oil-seed, make it become soft, Increase the plasticity .
6. Oil-seed flaking process
To use pressure from granular oil-seed into thin slices.
The aim of flaking process, destroy the organization of oil-seed's cells to create favorable conditions for steaming and frying, easily and quickly separating the oil, improve the oil yield.
Basic requirements of oil-seed flaking: thin embryo flake, uniform surface, less powder, not showing oil content on surface, powder are controlled less than 10% - 15%( under the screen hole 1 mm sieve), the thickness of the material embryo to keep to a certain extent,0.25mm orso.
7. Oil-seed conditioning treatment process : two kinds
7.1. Fried seeds at low temperature
Oil-seed Heating is one of the most important in whole extracting oil process.
With the aid of moisture and temperature effect, make the internal structure of oil-seed for big changes,destroying the internal structure of the cells, protein frozen denaturation, segregation and combining the phospholipid and protein.
The changes is not only beneficial to easily separate out more oil from oil-seed, also the improvement of oil quality .
7.2. Oil expanding process
Adopt expanding and extruding method for replacing high temp steaming and frying method,which is new methods, with high temperature in short time, low material protein denaturation, good oil color characteristics.
8. Cold pressing oil process
Low oil-seed pressing temperature, good oil quality and invariance cake protein.
Twin screw press is one kind low temp screw press .
9. The crude oil purification process
Crude Oil Cool water
↓ ↓
settling tank→plate filter →cooling tank→settling tank→Micr-filter→final oil
Process description
Adopt low temperature filtering method, cooling to 15- 20 ºC,minimize volatilization loss of fragrance.
This method, Filtering out non-hydrophilic phospholipids adequately, make phospholipid content minimum, to improve the stability of the storage time.Also while filtering,because the micr-phospholipids could absorb the color,this filtering process could improve the final oil color.
(1) 1st filtering: Crude oil from settling tank is pump into the filter,to filter out the sludge,then go into for cooling and settling.
(2) 2nd filtering. After cooling and settling, moisture combined with aqueous phospholipids, goes into the Micr-filter for separation out polymerization of phospholipids.
After Micr-filtering , The oil has excellent transparency and improve the sensory index, at the same time, further improve the stability of storage life.
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